Google Data Analytics Professional Certification Practice Test

What does the term "bias" refer to in data analysis?

1. A random error

2. A preference for or against something

3. A statistical method

4. An analytical tool

The correct answer is: A preference for or against something

In data analysis, the term "bias" specifically refers to a preference for or against something that can lead to systematic errors in the results. This means that certain outcomes may be favored over others due to preconceived notions, flawed assumptions, or specific data collection methods that skew the analysis. Bias can significantly affect the validity of data insights, leading analysts to draw inaccurate conclusions or make decisions based on skewed information. For instance, if data is collected from a non-representative sample, the conclusions derived may reflect the characteristics of that group rather than the general population, introducing bias into the analysis. Recognizing and mitigating bias is crucial for ensuring that data-driven decisions are based on accurate and representative insights. Understanding bias helps analysts maintain objectivity, enabling them to improve the reliability of their analyses and their overall effectiveness in using data to inform decisions.